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991.
固液界面吸附机制与模型——“环境水质学前沿专栏”序言 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
固液界面吸附是环境水化学及水处理技术研究中的一项重要内容.本文阐述了目前固液界面吸附研究方面取得的主要进展,对吸附剂表面性质、吸附络合物形态、表面反应描述中使用的一些重要实验技术、理论计算方法和模型模拟手段进行了系统的介绍,并展望了固液界面吸附研究的发展趋势.表面表征技术、理论计算及表面络合模型的发展、应用和结合有力地促进了人们对各种固液界面体系吸附机制的深入理解,对于阐明污染物在水环境中迁移转化规律,及开发新型吸附剂有着重要的科学意义. 相似文献
992.
小海湾沉积物中有机氯农药的浓度水平和分布特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用GC/ECD法测定了小海地区上下层沉积物中17种有机氯农药的浓度水平和分布特征.结果表明:小海湾上层OCPs含量明显高于下层,且大致呈现由内湾至人海口先增后减的分布特征,入海口处含量的突增可能与泻湖的特殊地理构造有关;DDTs类有机氯农药在内湾的降解程度明显强于人海口地区,α-HCH/γ-HCH比值均处于0~4之间,认为沉积物中HCHs来源于林丹和工业HCH;DDTs含量水平低于厦门湾海域、澳门河口等经济发达地区,高于泉州湾、莱州湾等半敞口型海湾;HCHs含量远低于厦门湾、泉州湾及莱州湾. 相似文献
993.
In this article,the effects of TiO_2 surface fluorination and sulfation,on the active oxygen species formed at the reduction site in the photocatalytic process,namely O_2~(?) and H_2O_2,were investigated from a new perspective.The superoxide radical,(O_2~(?)),was determined by colorimetry of nitroblue tetrazolium,a prominent O_2~(?) scavenger.Hydrogen peroxide (H_2O_2) was estimated by using the iodide-starch method.In the naked TiO_2 photocatalysis,O_2~(?) though less reactive,was a very important intermediate.When the TiO_2 surface was fluorinated,more O_2~(?) and H_2O_2 were produced,which indicated that the surface modification could greatly reduce the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,thus enhancing the photocatalytic rate.In the sulfated system,photocatalysis proceeded with a more complicated mechanism.These results added support to the view of fluoride-induced enhancement and sulfide's nonappreciable inhibition effect. 相似文献
994.
Thuan Van Tran Duyen Thi Cam Nguyen Hanh T.N. Le Dai-Viet N. Vo Sonil Nand Trinh Duy Nguyen 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(7):137-150
Aquatic contamination of diclofenac (DCF), an emergent non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs), can result in adverse effects to many ecosystems through biomagnification. Hence, introducing effective remediation techniques to sequester the pharmaceutical wastes is highly fundamental to prevent their accumulation in the environment. Generally, adsorption has been presented as a green and efficient approach. Herein, we report the characterization and application of the novel magnetic nanocomposite ([email protected]2O4) derived from cobalt-based ferrite (CoFe2O4) and graphene oxide (GO) for DCF adsorption. For the optimization procedure, the response surface methodology (RSM) was adopted to investigate the impacts of DCF concentration (1.6–18.4 mg/L), DCF dosage (0.08–0.92 g/L), and solution pH (2.6–9.4) to find the optimum conditions for DCF removal, at 10.5 mg/L, 0.74 g/L, and pH 4, respectively. For the adsorption experiments, the kinetic, isotherm, thermodynamic, and intraparticle diffusion models were systematically studied. Moreover, we have elucidated the role of functional groups on the surface of [email protected]2O4 in enhancing the adsorption of DCF drug. With good removal efficiency (up to 86.1%), high maximum adsorption capacity (32.4 mg/g), [email protected]2O4 can be a potential candidate to eliminate DCF drug from water. 相似文献
995.
废弃塑料生产涂料的工艺研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
本文主要介绍以废弃塑料为原料生产涂料的工艺技术,使整个城市生活垃圾的处理跃上一个新台阶,达到生活垃圾无害化、资源化的环保目标。 相似文献
996.
街道地表物的累积与污染特征:以成都市为例 总被引:16,自引:1,他引:16
本文研究了成都市区74km~2范围内地表物的累积规律和污染特征.结果表明,街道地表物累积受土地用途影响;地表有机物受人类活动的影响;重金属受城市交通的影响.粒径分布研究发现街道地表物小于360μm的微粒占70%,且各种污染物主要吸附于细小的微粒上.使用地表污染物边坎累积模型计算了街道地表物和各种污染物的累积量.成都市区每天累积地表物达111吨,BOD,达78kg,COD达411kg,克氏氮6kg和总磷2kg. 相似文献
997.
998.
Enhanced photocatalytic activity of TiO2 by surface fluorination in degradation of organic cationic compound 总被引:1,自引:2,他引:1
Experiments were carried out to investigate the influence of TiO2 surface fluorination on the photodegradation of a representative organic cationic compound, Methylene Blue (MB). The eleetropositive MB shows poor adsorption on TiO2 surface; its degradation performs a HO. radical-mediated mechanism. In the F-modified system, the kinetic reaction rate enlarged more than 2.5 fold that was attributed mainly to the accumulating adsorption of MB and the increased photogenerated hole available on the F-modified TiO2 surface. 相似文献
999.
Performances of biological aerated filter employing hollow fiber membrane segments of surface-improved poly (sulfone) as biofilm carriers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
SHEN Ying-jie WU Guang-xi FAN Yao-bo ZHONG Hui WU Lin-lin ZHANG Shao-lai ZHAO Xian-hong ZHANG Wei-jun 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2007,19(7):811-817
Using the surface of poly (sulfone) hollow fiber membrane segments as grafted layer, the hydrophilic acrylamide chain was grafted on by UV-photoinduced grafting polymerization. The gained improvement of surface wettability for the modified membrane was tested by measuring the contact-angle as well as FTIR spectra. Then correlation between the hydrophilic ability of support material and the biofilm adherence ability was demonstrated by comparing the pollutant removal rates from urban wastewater via two identical lab-scale up-flow biological aerated filters, one employed the surface wettability modified poly (sulfone) hollow fiber membrane segment as biofilm carder and the other employed unmodified membrane segment as biofilm carder. The experimental results showed that under the conditions of influent flux 5 L/h, hydraulic retention time 9 h and gas to liquid ratio (G/L) 10: 1, the removal rates of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and ammonium nitrogen (NH4^+-N) for the modified packing filter and the unmodified packing filter was averaged at 83.64% and 96.25%, respectively, with the former filter being 5%-20% more than the latter. The effluent concentration of COD, NH4^+-N and turbidity for the modified packing filter was 25.25 mg/L, 2 mg/L and 8 NTU, respectively. Moreover, the ammonium nitrogen removal performance of the filter packing the modified PSF was compared with the other bioreactor packing of an efficient floating medium. The biomass test indicated that the modified membrane matrixes provided better specific adhesion (3310-5653 mg TSS/L support), which gave a mean of 1000 mg TSS/L more than the unmodified membrane did. In addition, the phenomenon of simultaneous denitrification on the inner surface of the support and nitrification on the outer surface was found in this work. 相似文献
1000.
现阶段城市水体的研究主要是河流的治理,而没有考虑城市水体整体的生态规划及水体生态的整体 性,根据景观规划的原则及邯郸市的现实情况,对邯郸市内的地表水体进行连接,统一管理规划,达到生态和美学统一的作用. 相似文献